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|speakers = million |date = 2007 |ref = ne2007 |speakers2=Total: 200–250 million (2009) |familycolor=Austronesian |fam2=Malayo-Polynesian (MP) |fam3=Nuclear MP |fam4=Malayo-Sumbawan |fam5=Malayic |fam6=Malayan |ancestor=Old Malay |ancestor2=Classical Malay |stand1=Indonesian |stand2=Malaysian |script=Latin (Malay alphabet) Arabic (Jawi) Thai (in Thailand) Historically Pallava, Kawi, Rencong |sign=Bahasa Malaysia Kod Tangan Sistem Isyarat Bahasa Indonesia |nation=Indonesia Malaysia Brunei Singapore Cocos (Keeling) Islands (''de jure'') |minority=Indonesia (Local Malay enjoys the status of a regional language in Sumatra apart from the national standard of Indonesian) |agency=Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (Institute of Language and Literature); Majlis Bahasa Brunei–Indonesia–Malaysia (Brunei–Indonesia–Malaysia Language Council – MABBIM) (a trilateral joint-venture) |iso1=ms |iso2b=may |iso2t=msa |iso3=msa |lc1=zlm|ld1=Malaysian Malay |lc2=zsm|ld2=Standard Malaysian |lc3=ind|ld3=Indonesian |lc4=lrt|ld4=Larantuka Malay ? |lc5=kxd|ld5=Brunei ? |lc6=meo|ld6=Kedah Malay ? |lc7=zmi|ld7=Negeri Sembilan Malay ? |lc8=dup|ld8=Duano ? |lc9=jak|ld9=Jakun ? |lc10=orn|ld10=Orang Kanaq ? |lc11=ors|ld11=Orang Seletar ? |lc12=tmw|ld12=Temuan ? |glotto=indo1326 |glottoname=partial match |glottorefname=Indonesian Archipelago Malay |map=Malaysia Spoken Area Map v1.png |mapcaption= |notice=IPA }} Malay (;〔Laurie Bauer, 2007, ''The Linguistics Student’s Handbook'', Edinburgh〕 '; Jawi script: ) is a major language of the Austronesian family. It has an official status in Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore. It is spoken by 270 million people〔10 million in Malaysia, 5 million in Indonesia as "Malay" plus 230 million as "Indonesian", etc.〕 across the Malacca Strait, including the coasts of the Malay Peninsula of Malaysia and the eastern coast of Sumatra in Indonesia, and has been established as a native language of part of western coastal Sarawak and West Kalimantan in Borneo. As the ''Bahasa Kebangsaan'' or ''Bahasa Nasional'' (National Language) of several states, Standard Malay has various official names. In Singapore and Brunei it is called ''Bahasa Melayu'' (Malay language); in Malaysia, ''Bahasa Malaysia'' (Malaysian language); and in Indonesia, ''Bahasa Indonesia'' (Indonesian language) and is designated the ''Bahasa Persatuan/Pemersatu'' ("unifying language/''lingua franca''"). However, in areas of central to southern Sumatra where the language is indigenous, Indonesians refer to it as ''Bahasa Melayu'' and consider it one of their regional languages. Standard Malay, also called Court Malay, was the literary standard of the pre-colonial Malacca and Johor Sultanates, and so the language is sometimes called Malacca, Johor, or Riau Malay (or various combinations of those names) to distinguish it from the various other Malayan languages. According to ''Ethnologue'' 16, several of the Malayan varieties they currently list as separate languages, including the ''Orang Asli'' varieties of Peninsular Malay, are so closely related to standard Malay that they may prove to be dialects. (These are listed with question marks in the infobox at right or on top(depend on device).) There are also several Malay-based creole languages which are based on a lingua franca derived from Classical Malay, as well as Makassar Malay, which appears to be a mixed language. ==Origin== Malay historical linguists agree on the likelihood of the Malay homeland being in western Borneo stretch to Bruneian coast.〔K. Alexander Adelaar, "Where does Malay come from? Twenty years of discussions about homeland, migrations and classifications", ''Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde'', 160 (2004), No. 1, Leiden, pp. 1-30〕 A form known as Proto-Malay language was spoken in Borneo at least by 1000 BCE and was, it has been argued, the ancestral language of all subsequent Malayan languages. Its ancestor, the Proto-Malayo-Polynesian language, a descendant of Proto-Austronesian, began to break up by at least 2000 BCE, possibly as a result of the southward expansion of Austronesian peoples into Maritime Southeast Asia from the island of Taiwan. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Malay language」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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